Indices & Indicators

ByteMind Indices

Evidence-based indicators built from official data — housing markets, tax efficiency, New Zealand SME resilience, and selected research indicators — with the full analytical reports behind the numbers.

159
NZ Real HPI 2025 (2010=100)
105.8
Price-to-Income 2025 (2015=100)
+8%
HPI Deviation from Trend (2025)
5.3%
1-Year Fixed Mortgage (2025)

Sources: BIS (real HPI), OECD (price-to-income), RBNZ (mortgage rates & DTI), Stats NZ (consents & migration). See "About the Data" for methodology.

Real House Price Indices

Comparable long-run series from the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), base year 2010=100, adjusted for inflation. Available from 1970 for both New Zealand and Australia.

Source: BIS Residential Property Price Statistics, Q3 2025 release.

Price-to-Income Ratio

OECD indicator, seasonally adjusted, 2015=100. It tracks house prices relative to disposable income per person. The long-run median (1986-2025) is 88.9.

Source: OECD Affordable Housing Database, Indicator HM1.2.

Real HPI Deviation from Trend

How far real house prices sit above or below their long-run trend. Positive values mean prices are above trend.

Mortgage Rates & Household DTI

1-year fixed mortgage rates from the RBNZ B20 series. Household debt relative to disposable income from RBNZ key statistics.

Source: RBNZ B20, C40, and household debt statistics.

Building Consents & Net Migration

Annual building consents (dwellings, thousands) and net international migration (thousands) from Stats NZ/Tatauranga Aotearoa.

Source: Stats NZ Building Consents Issued and International Migration releases.

NZ & Australia Real House Price Indices (BIS, 2010=100)

Real prices, adjusted for inflation. Both countries show a clear break around 2000.

NZ Price-to-Income Ratio (OECD, 2015=100)

The dashed line is the long-run median (88.9). At 105.8 in 2025, the ratio is high but down 26% from its 2021 peak of 142.9.

Real HPI Deviation from Long-Run Trend

Above zero means prices are above trend. The gap has fallen from +38% at the 2021 peak to about +8%.

Mortgage Rates & Household Debt-to-Income

1-year fixed mortgage rate (left axis) and household debt-to-disposable-income ratio (right axis).

Building Consents & Net Migration (1995-2025)

Building consents (bars, thousands of dwellings) and net international migration (line, thousands of people). Source: Stats NZ.

Real House Price Declines: Peak to Trough

Selected housing corrections in advanced economies. New Zealand and Australia were mild by historical standards.

Tax Efficiency & Friction Index

How much friction do businesses face from corporate tax rates and tax compliance? The score runs from 0 (least friction) to 100 (most). New Zealand scores 65.4 — mid-pack among the ten economies compared.

What it measures

The friction businesses face from two things: the corporate tax rate and the time spent on tax compliance. Higher scores mean more friction.

How the score is built

Each country's tax rate and estimated compliance hours are combined into a single score from 0 (best) to 100 (worst). Formula: normalised [(tax rate × 1.5) + (compliance hours ÷ 5)].

Sources

OECD Corporate Tax Statistics (2025); World Bank Doing Business (historical) and PwC Paying Taxes for compliance hours.

NZ SME Resilience Index

A plain-language health check for New Zealand small businesses, built from the latest official Stats NZ data. The index scores resilience from 0 (weak) to 100 (strong).

37.1
Resilience Score / 100
-1.1%
Retail Spending Trend (monthly)
+0.5%
Enterprise Growth (year-on-year)
-2.2%
Employment Growth (year-on-year)

A score of 37.1 means moderate pressure on small businesses: spending is down and employment is falling, while the number of businesses is still growing slightly.

What it measures

The economic health of New Zealand small and medium enterprises, using the latest official data.

Components

Retail spending trend (monthly change in electronic card transactions, seasonally adjusted), enterprise growth (year-on-year), and employment growth (year-on-year).

Sources

Stats NZ Electronic Card Transactions (Jan 2026) and Business Demography (Feb 2025) releases.

Research Indicators

Selected indicators drawn from ByteMind's analytical reports. Full methodology, sources, and downloadable data live with each report.

20.2%
OECD Firm AI Adoption (2025)
$2.75T
Crypto Market Cap (year-end 2025)
$4.88M
Average Data Breach Cost (2024)
3.51M
NZ Visitor Arrivals (2025)

Sources: OECD; CoinMarketCap/CoinGecko; IBM Cost of a Data Breach; Stats NZ International Travel. See each report for full methodology.

AI Adoption: OECD Firms vs McKinsey Survey

OECD firms with 10+ employees use a strict adoption definition; McKinsey's global survey counts any functional use. The gap highlights how measurement choices shape the picture.

Digital Asset Market Capitalisation

Total cryptocurrency market capitalisation (bars) and the AI token segment (line, right axis). Crypto data are annual year-end; AI token data are Q4 snapshots from 2020 to 2025 and a Q2 2026 snapshot.

Global Average Data Breach Cost

Average total cost of a data breach, global and US, in USD millions. Source: IBM Cost of a Data Breach (2015-2025).

NZ International Visitor Arrivals

Annual overseas visitor arrivals from Stats NZ. The 2026 figure is a partial year (January-April only).

Related Research

Read the Full Reports

These indicators are supported by longer analytical briefs with full methodology, references, and downloadable data.

NZ & Australia Property Markets

Long-run house price trends, valuation metrics, credit conditions, and what history suggests about the next five years.

Read the report →

NZ First-Home Buyers

Who is buying, what really drives prices, and how overseas buyers, interest rates, migration, and supply fit in.

Read the report →

Tax Optimisation for NZ SMEs

Entity choice, deductions, provisional tax, and the incentives Parliament has deliberately provided.

Read the report →